Can Ganga Survive Urbanization,Deforestation and Climate Change?
The Alarming Retreat of Gangotri Glacier
By Ram Dutt Tripathi
India’s holiest river Ganga is facing an existential crisis . Climate change, deforestation, Industrialization and rapid urbanization in north India are accelerating the retreat of the Gangotri Glacier—the river’s original source. Scientific studies, including those by the Waldia Institute, NEERI, and the Geological Survey of India, confirm the alarming rate of glacial recession.
My Journey to Bhojvasa and Gangotri
In 2015, I visited Bhojvasa and the Gangotri region, witnessing firsthand the sparse forest cover along the stretch except in Cheedvasa.
The encroachment in Gangotri, with unnecessary buildings and vehicles, was evident. The situation has only worsened since then.
The Rapid Retreat of Gangotri Glacier
Data reveals that since 1780, the Gangotri Glacier has been retreating continuously. Between 1936 and 1996, it receded by 1,147 meters, averaging 19 meters annually. More concerning, in the last 25 years of the 20th century, it retreated by 850 meters, at a rate of 34 meters per year.
The melting glacier threatens the long-term survival of the Ganga, which sustains millions of people. Experts warn that without immediate intervention, the river’s flow could be severely impacted.
Hydroelectric Projects and Deforestation: A Double Threat
The entire Uttarakhand region is witnessing massive deforestation due to hydroelectric projects and road construction. Large-scale tree felling has reduced water retention in the mountains, increasing soil erosion and landslides, further worsening the situation.
Mythology and the Future of Ganga
Ancient scriptures, including the Vishnu Purana, prophesy that the Ganga will disappear in Kaliyug.
In the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna declares, “Among rivers, I am the Ganga,” signifying its sacred and lifeline status.
The legend of Raja Bhagirath and the sage Agastya bringing Ganga to Earth reminds us of our responsibility to protect this divine river.
Can We Save the Ganga?
To reverse the damage, urgent measures are needed:
• Reforestation along the Ganga’s path, particularly near Bhojvasa and Gangotri.
• Regulation of hydroelectric projects to minimize environmental damage.
• Strict control on urban encroachment in Gangotri and other ecologically sensitive zones.
• Community participation in river conservation efforts.
The question remains: Will we act now, or will we allow the Ganga to vanish before our eyes?
